Hallo,
soviel ich weiss ist das [...]
ich weiß nur dass das Gift [...]
Meines Erachtens reicht [...]Soweit ich weiß hat [...]
Fakt ist, dass die oben genannten Vermutungen FALSCH sind, aber so ist das ja meist , wenn man Halbwahrheiten und Hörensagen weiterpostet.
:roll: :roll:
Es geht natürlich auch konkret:
1.)
Bites by spiders of the family Theraphosidae in humans and canines.
Isbister GK, Seymour JE, Gray MR, Raven RJ.
Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Newcastle, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia.
[email protected]
Spiders of the family Theraphosidae occur throughout most tropical regions of the world. There have only been three case reports of bites by these spiders in Australia. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical effects of bites by Australian theraphosid spiders in both humans and canines. Cases of spider bite were collected by the authors over the period January 1978-April 2002, either prospectively in a large study of Australian spider bites, or retrospectively from cases reported to the authors. Subjects were included if they had a definite bite and had collected the spider. The spiders were identified by an expert arachnologist to genus and species level where possible. There were nine confirmed bites by spiders of the family Theraphosidae in humans and seven in canines. These included bites by two Selenocosmia spp. and by two Phlogiellus spp. The nine spider bites in humans did not cause major effects. Local pain was the commonest effect, with severe pain in four of seven cases where severity of pain was recorded. Puncture marks or bleeding were the next most common effect. In one case the spider had bitten through the patient's fingernail. Mild systemic effects occurred in one of nine cases. There were seven bites in dogs (Phlogellius spp. and Selenocosmia spp.), and in two of these the owner was bitten after the dog.
In all seven cases the dog died, and as rapidly as
0.5-2h after the bite. This small series of bites by Australian theraphosid spiders gives an indication of the spectrum of toxicity of these spiders in humans. Bites by these spiders are unlikely to cause major problems in humans.
The study also demonstrates that the venom is far more toxic to canines
2.)
Effects of the venom of a Mygalomorph spider (Lasiodora sp.) on the isolated rat heart.
Kalapothakis E, Kushmerick C, Gusmao DR, Favaron GO, Ferreira AJ, Gomez MV, Pinto de Almeida A.
Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901, MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
We studied the effect of the venom of the Brazilian spider, Lasiodora sp. (Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae), on force generation and electrical activity in the isolated rat heart. Previous work showed that this venom is excitotoxic to excitable cells due to Na(+) channel gating modifier activity [Toxicon 39 (2001) 991]. In the isolated heart, the venom (10-100 microg bolus administration) caused a dose-dependent bradycardia, with transient cardiac arrest and rhythm disturbances. The electrocardiogram showed that the reduction of heart rate was due to sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest and partial or complete A-V block. All of the effects were reversible upon washout of the venom. The effect of the venom was potentiated by the anticholinesterase neostigmine (3.3 microM), suppressed by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine (1.4 microM), and inhibited by the vesicular acetylcholine transporter inhibitor (-)-vesamicol (10 microM). Tetrodotoxin (200 nM) did not inhibit the effect of the venom. Together, these data suggest that this Lasiodora venom evokes vesicular release of acetylcholine from parasympathetic nerve terminals by activating tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channels.
3.)
Local effects of the external secretions of Sphaerobothria hoffmanni (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from Costa Rica]
[Article in Spanish]
Herrero MV.
The local effects induced as a consequence of applications of four external secretions from the spider Sphaerobothria hoffmanni were recorded. Macroscopic lesions were not found; the only local effect microscopically observed was a weak necrosis in the skeletal muscle in mice.
4.)
Venom of an aggressive African Theraphosidae (Scodra griseipes): milking the venom, a study of its toxicity and its characterization.
Celerier ML, Paris C, Lange C.
Universite P. et M. Curie, URA-CNRS 689, Paris, France.
Two milking procedures, electric stimulation and lure-biting, are described and compared. The amount of crude Scodra griseipes venom collected in 3 years by lure-biting was 1670 mg and 1380 mg, respectively, for young females and adult males. The crude venom appears pure on the basis of UV-Vis spectra, which show no hemocyanin absorption bands. The toxicity and induced symptoms of these venoms in mice were evaluated by direct bites and also by
LD50 [LD50 (young female venom, i.v.) = 8.1 mg/kg, LD50 (adult male venom, i.v.) > 9.5 mg/kg]. The venom from both sexes was compared by protein content, UV-Vis and 1H-NMR spectroscopies, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [SDS-PAGE] and size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography [SE-HPLC]. Differences were observed.
5.)
Cytotoxic effects of arthropod venoms on various cultured cells.
Cohen E, Quistad GB.
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
The action of arthropod venoms is important to predators in search of prey and to humans as incidental victims or as a source for pharmacologically active compounds. Venoms from 30 arthropods (including 26 spider species) were assessed for cytotoxicity using cultured cells from one insect (Sf9) and three mammalian (murine neuroblastoma and macrophages and human osteosarcoma) sources. The most cytotoxic venoms to the four cell lines were from predatory jumping spiders (Salticidae, Phidippus sp.) and a centipede (Scolopenra sp.), with concentrations for 50% response of 1-8 microg venom per ml. The cytotoxicity of Phidippus ardens venom at these levels was instantaneous and evidenced by dramatic disruption of cell membranes resulting in cell collapse.
.... da gibt es noch einen ganzen Haufen mehr.
Viele Grüße und für 5 Euro pro NAse übersetze ich auch die Texte
,
Philipp[/quote]